Public Relations donations in the 2010 FEC cycle

Public Relations × 2010

PUBLIC RELATIONS plus cycle 2010 equals $425,791. That figure is the harvested sum of itemized individual contributions in which the occupation field matched this string and the two-year federal election cycle was 2010. PR, publicist, communications, and media relations are other keys if those words appear. This join does not recode the label into a PRSA membership roll, a firm headcount, or a NAICS advertising-and-PR rollup. Other cycle amounts are not fields in this packet.

Parent hubs: Public Relations donations at /occupations/public-relations/ and the 2010 election cycle at /election-cycles/2010/. All occupations lists neighboring titles. All FEC ties keeps each occupation-year cell on its own path so a reader can move without mixing $425,791 into another year or another string. Do not add those parent pages into this cell.

Party, committee, and employer breakdowns for Public Relations in 2010 are not fields in this packet. Do not infer a partisan split from $425,791. Agency versus in-house versus independent public-relations work is unpublished for Public Relations in 2010. The occupation page and the 2010 cycle page are the next clicks for named committees. PUBLIC RELATIONS in 2010 is an earlier midterm cell. It is not a recode of the 2014 public-relations join.

PUBLIC RELATIONS, not a recode

$9.0 million ($8,958,749) belongs to the exact string PUBLIC RELATIONS across harvested cycles. It is not a PRSA membership roll, a firm headcount, or a NAICS advertising-and-PR rollup. People who wrote nearby wording — PR, publicist, communications, and media relations — sit in other rows if the characters differ. The 2010 slice is 4.8% of that title bucket. Share of PUBLIC RELATIONS is not share of all 2010 receipts.

Amended individual contribution reports can move $425,791. A later harvest of the same occupation string can move $8,958,749. Rewrite only the sentence whose source moved. Live Public Relations donations and the live 2010 election cycle pages are the tables; this prose is a packet snapshot. Itemized individual contributions are the only receipt class in this cell. Unitemized gifts below the itemization threshold, in-kind goods, and bundled contributions without this occupation string are outside $425,791.

448 public relations receipts in a midterm

232 donors and 448 receipts — about 1.9 lines per donor. Mean per receipt about $950; mean per donor about $1,835. Those ratios are arithmetic on two harvested integers. They are not medians, not typical gifts, and not a claim about income. 232 donors makes this a mid-size occupation-cycle cell. No median is published in this packet.

Repeat gifts add receipts. 448 is a line count, not 232 one-time gifts; about 1.9 lines per donor, which is consistent with repeat gifts inside the same two-year window. Agency versus in-house versus independent public-relations work is not encoded in the occupation string. Neither figure is a headcount of everyone who works in the field named by PUBLIC RELATIONS. People who left occupation blank, used a nearby spelling, or listed a more specific title are not in $425,791.

2010 as the cycle dimension

The 2010 election cycle hub includes every stored occupation for that window. Public Relations is one cell in that matrix. This packet does not publish a cycle-wide denominator, so no national share is stated. Open the 2010 election cycle to drop the occupation filter and Public Relations donations to drop the year.

Gifts from both years of the two-year FEC window sit in the $425,791 cell because the cycle is a two-year tag, not a single Tuesday. That mechanical fact is easy to forget when a searcher wants an election-night number. This join publishes the cycle total, the 448 contributions, the 232 unique donors, and the 4.8% share of $8,958,749. PUBLIC RELATIONS in 2010 is an earlier midterm cell. It is not a recode of the 2014 public-relations join.

Generic public relations versus neighboring keys and PACs

Cite $425,791 as Public Relations in 2010. Cite $8,958,749 as this title’s occupation total. Do not add communications-industry PAC filings to either figure. Those filings are committee reports. Mixing PAC spending with $425,791 would blend FEC tables. All occupations lists neighboring titles so a searcher can open the other string’s cycle cell rather than rescale 4.8%.

FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates by self-reported occupation and election cycle. This join does not recode PUBLIC RELATIONS into a Bureau of Labor Statistics title, a NAICS code, or a license class. If a researcher needs those crosswalks, they start from the raw string. Correlation is not causation: a midterm-year total does not prove the occupation’s motives, and it does not attach these gifts to any federal spending dataset.

How to cite public relations money in 2010

A clean footnote names occupation PUBLIC RELATIONS, election cycle 2010, $425,791 in itemized individual contributions, 448 receipts, and 232 donors on FEC.gov. Keep the itemized word. Mean dollars remain about $950 per line and $1,835 per donor in the cell. If the live Public Relations donations overlay has refreshed, quote the overlay. Do not treat 448 as unique workers in the trade.

This URL exists because two filters meet. Public Relations donations rolls every cycle into one PUBLIC RELATIONS running total. The 2010 election cycle rolls every occupation into one 2010 total. Only the Public Relations × 2010 overlay applies both filters, which is why this page cites 448 receipts and $425,791. All FEC ties is the directory of other occupation-cycle cells.

Questions

How much did public relations filers donate in 2010?

Filers who listed Public Relations itemized $425,791 in FEC individual contributions in 2010, from 448 receipts and 232 donors. That is 4.8% of $8,958,749 under PUBLIC RELATIONS. PR, publicist, communications, and media relations are other keys when those are the words on the form. Figures are FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates.

Does this include communications-industry PAC filings?

No. $425,791 is individual contributions tagged Public Relations in 2010. Communications-industry PAC filings file as committees. Mixing PAC spending with $425,791 would blend FEC tables. See Public Relations donations or the 2010 election cycle hub for committee names. Public Relations in 2010 is $425,791 on 448 receipts from 232 donors.

Are public relations labels standardized on FEC forms?

No. FEC.gov stores the occupation as typed. This join uses PUBLIC RELATIONS. PR, publicist, communications, and media relations are other keys when those characters appear. LobbyVault does not recode the string into a PRSA membership roll, a firm headcount, or a NAICS advertising-and-PR rollup. Cite $425,791 for this title in 2010 on 448 receipts from 232 donors.

What two tables meet on this page?

Public Relations donations ($9.0 million for the string) and the 2010 election cycle. The overlap is $425,791 from 448 receipts and 232 donors. All FEC ties lists other occupation-cycle cells. All occupations lists neighboring titles. Figures are FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates for Public Relations in 2010.