Bookkeeper occupation money in the 2008 FEC cycle

Bookkeeper as occupation, 2008 as the cycle

Two FEC fields define the cell: occupation BOOKKEEPER and election cycle 2008. Matching rows sum to $578,472, 883 contributions, and 371 donors. Drop either key and the number changes. Accountant, CPA, and book keeping are other keys if those words appear. This join does not recode the label into a CPA-license census, an AICPA roll, or a firm PAC. Other cycle amounts are not fields in this packet except as the remainder on the occupation hub.

Parent hubs: Bookkeeper donations at /occupations/bookkeeper/ and the 2008 election cycle at /election-cycles/2008/. All occupations at /occupations/ lists neighboring titles. All FEC ties at /ties/ keeps each occupation-year cell on its own path so a reader can move without mixing $578,472 into another year or another string. Do not add those parent pages into this cell.

Party, committee, and employer breakdowns for Bookkeeper in 2008 are not fields in this packet. Do not infer a partisan split from $578,472. Payroll versus accounts-payable versus full-charge bookkeeping is unpublished for Bookkeeper in 2008. The occupation page and the 2008 cycle page are the next clicks for named committees. Hundreds of donor keys and hundreds of lines is a mid-scale clerical-finance cell in a presidential year.

The same BOOKKEEPER roll, a 2008 clock

$7.4 million ($7,412,920) belongs to the exact string BOOKKEEPER across harvested cycles. It is not a CPA-license census, an AICPA roll, or a firm PAC. People who wrote nearby wording — accountant, CPA, and book keeping — sit in other rows if the characters differ. The 2008 slice is 7.8% of that title bucket ($578,472 of $7,412,920). Share of BOOKKEEPER is not share of all 2008 receipts. The remainder, $6,834,448, sits in other cycles on the occupation hub.

Amended individual contribution reports can move $578,472. A later harvest of the same occupation string can move $7,412,920. Rewrite only the sentence whose source moved. Live Bookkeeper donations and the live 2008 election cycle pages are the tables; this prose is a packet snapshot. Itemized individual contributions are the only receipt class in this cell. Unitemized gifts below the itemization threshold, in-kind goods, and bundled contributions without this occupation string are outside $578,472.

371 bookkeeper donors and 883 receipts in 2008

371 donors and 883 receipts — about 2.4 lines per donor. Mean per receipt about $655; mean per donor about $1,559. Those ratios are arithmetic on two harvested integers. They are not medians, not typical gifts, and not a claim about income. Hundreds of donor keys and hundreds of lines is a mid-scale clerical-finance cell in a presidential year. No median is published in this packet.

Repeat gifts add receipts. 883 is a line count, not 371 one-time gifts. Payroll versus accounts-payable versus full-charge bookkeeping is not encoded in the occupation string. Neither figure is a headcount of everyone who works in the field named by BOOKKEEPER. People who left occupation blank, used a nearby spelling, or listed a more specific title are not in $578,472. Do not add the 2012 Bookkeeper cell to this 2008 figure. Each cycle is its own join against the same occupation denominator.

2008 cell versus the 2012 Bookkeeper join

Cite $578,472 as Bookkeeper in 2008. Cite $7,412,920 as this title’s occupation total. Do not add accounting-firm PAC filings to either figure. Those filings are committee reports. Mixing PAC spending with $578,472 would blend FEC tables. All occupations lists neighboring titles so a searcher can open the other string’s cycle cell rather than rescale 7.8%.

FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates by self-reported occupation and election cycle. This join does not recode BOOKKEEPER into a Bureau of Labor Statistics title, a NAICS code, or a license class. If a researcher needs those crosswalks, they start from the raw string. Correlation is not causation: a presidential-year total does not prove the occupation’s motives, and it does not attach these gifts to any federal spending dataset. USAspending.gov awards are a different ledger. This page does not claim that 2008 donations funded contracts or grants.

How to cite Bookkeeper money in 2008

A clean footnote names occupation BOOKKEEPER, election cycle 2008, $578,472 in itemized individual contributions, 883 receipts, and 371 donors on FEC.gov. Keep the itemized word. Mean dollars remain about $655 per line and $1,559 per donor in the cell. If the live Bookkeeper donations overlay has refreshed, quote the overlay. Do not treat 883 as unique workers in the trade named by BOOKKEEPER.

This URL exists because two filters meet. Bookkeeper donations rolls every cycle into one BOOKKEEPER running total. The 2008 election cycle rolls every occupation into one 2008 total. Only the Bookkeeper × 2008 overlay applies both filters, which is why this page cites 883 receipts and $578,472. All FEC ties is the directory of other occupation-cycle cells.

Occupation hub, 2008 hub, and the 2012 Bookkeeper cell

The occupation hub still holds $6,834,448 outside 2008. Most of the $7,412,920 roll is not this cycle’s cell. This page isolates the overlap for readers who need both the title and the year, not either hub restated. Do not add the 2012 Bookkeeper cell to this 2008 figure. Each cycle is its own join against the same occupation denominator. Gifts per donor in 2008 average about 2.4. That ratio is 883 divided by 371, not a measure of turnout. Original filings remain at FEC.gov. Occupation labels are filer-entered.

Questions

How much did Bookkeeper filers donate in 2008?

Filers who listed Bookkeeper itemized $578,472 in FEC individual contributions in 2008, from 883 receipts and 371 donors. That is 7.8% of $7,412,920 under BOOKKEEPER. Accountant, CPA, and book keeping are other keys when those are the words on the form. Figures are FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates.

Are accounting-firm PACs mixed into this total?

No. $578,472 is individual contributions tagged Bookkeeper in 2008. Accounting-firm PAC filings file as committees. Mixing PAC spending with $578,472 would blend FEC tables. See Bookkeeper donations or the 2008 election cycle hub for committee names. Bookkeeper in 2008 is $578,472 on 883 receipts from 371 donors.

Are Bookkeeper labels standardized on FEC forms?

No. FEC.gov stores the occupation as typed. This join uses BOOKKEEPER. Accountant, CPA, and book keeping are other keys when those characters appear. LobbyVault does not recode the string into a CPA-license census, an AICPA roll, or a firm PAC. Cite $578,472 for this title in 2008 on 883 receipts from 371 donors.

What two tables meet on this page?

Bookkeeper donations ($7.4 million for the string) and the 2008 election cycle. The overlap is $578,472 from 883 receipts and 371 donors. All FEC ties lists other occupation-cycle cells. All occupations lists neighboring titles. Figures are FEC.gov individual contribution aggregates for Bookkeeper in 2008.