Publisher occupation money in the 2008 FEC cycle

Publisher as occupation, 2008 as the cycle

Two FEC fields define the cell: occupation PUBLISHER and election cycle 2008. Matching rows sum to $977,980, 1,059 contributions, and 434 donors. PUBLISHER in 2008 is a media-industry title on itemized receipts. FEC.gov does not confirm imprint ownership. The occupation hub is $8,639,602 across every cycle in the aggregate. The 2008 cycle hub mixes every other occupation that used that year. Neither hub restates this intersection; this tie page exists because the two dimensions meet.

2008’s dollar share is 11.3% ($977,980 of $8,639,602). The remainder, $7,661,622, sits in other cycles on the occupation hub. Hundreds of donor keys and more than a thousand lines is a mid-scale media-title cell in a presidential year. Correlation between a job title and a two-year FEC window is a reporting overlap, not causation of an election outcome. Itemized individual receipts are the coverage. Unitemized money never appears in $977,980.

The PUBLISHER string across every cycle on file

$8,639,602 is the occupation-side denominator. It is not limited to 2008. Editor, Author, and Media are other occupation keys if stored separately. Adding those keys to $8,639,602 would be a researcher-built recode, not this table. Occupation labels are filer-entered on itemized individual receipts.

Open Publisher donations for the $8,639,602 roll. Open the 2008 election cycle hub for every occupation in that window. All occupations and All FEC ties place this pair beside other occupation-cycle pages without combining dollar figures.

434 donors and a four-figure mean gift

Dividing $977,980 by 1,059 contributions yields about $923 per gift. Dividing by 434 donors yields about $2,253 per donor. Gifts per donor average about 2.4 (1,059 ÷ 434). Those ratios describe this string in 2008, not payroll at firms that employ people with similar titles.

434 is a donor-key count inside the occupation × cycle aggregate, not a headcount of everyone who held the job in 2008. Repeat itemization, couples filing separately, and people who used the string on some receipts but not others all move the 434 figure. The cycle hub still holds every other occupation’s 2008 receipts beside this cell. Author and Editor are nearby literary keys. Combining them with PUBLISHER would mix occupation strings.

What Publisher dollars in 2008 are not

A 11.3% share of Publisher-coded dollars from 2008 does not mean the occupation caused those gifts, and it does not mean people with that title funded a policy outcome. Occupation and cycle are reported together. The overlap is descriptive. Independent expenditures, committee-to-committee transfers, and unitemized gifts are out of scope.

Federal awards on USAspending.gov are a different ledger. This join does not claim that 2008 donations funded contracts or grants. Quote $977,980 as itemized individual receipts tagged PUBLISHER in 2008, source FEC.gov, and stop there.

How to cite Publisher × 2008

A complete claim names Publisher and 2008, then $977,980, 1,059 contributions, 434 donors, and 11.3% of $8,639,602, source FEC.gov. Do not convert 434 keys into licensed or employed practitioners. Do not fold independent expenditures or USAspending awards into the cell. Keep both sides of the name—Publisher and 2008—whenever the dollars are quoted. Mean gift $923 and mean per donor $2,253 travel with those counts; they do not travel with a licensing board.

Occupation hub, 2008 hub, and Editor as a sibling

The occupation hub still holds $7,661,622 outside 2008. Most of the $8,639,602 roll is not this cycle’s cell. This page isolates the overlap for readers who need both the title and the year, not either hub restated. Editor, Author, and Media are other occupation keys if stored separately. Those titles are not parents of PUBLISHER on this page. Gifts per donor in 2008 average about 2.4. That ratio is 1,059 divided by 434, not a measure of turnout.

Questions

How much did Publisher-tagged donors give in 2008?

The join records $977,980 in itemized individual contributions for occupation Publisher in the 2008 FEC cycle, from 1,059 contributions and 434 donors. The occupation’s all-cycle total is $8,639,602, so 2008 is 11.3% of that roll. Figures come from FEC.gov aggregates. Occupation labels are filer-entered.

Does this count every publisher who donated in 2008?

No. The 434 donor keys are people whose itemized receipts grouped to PUBLISHER in 2008. Filers who used a different title are other occupation rows. FEC.gov does not verify jobs. The cell totals $977,980 on 1,059 lines. Unitemized gifts never appear in this aggregate.

What share of Publisher occupation money is the 2008 cycle?

11.3%: $977,980 of $8,639,602. The remaining $7,661,622 sits in other cycles on the occupation hub. That share is $977,980 divided by $8,639,602, not a ranking of civic engagement and not a peak-year list. Other years’ amounts are not in this packet except as that remainder.

Where are the live Publisher and 2008 tables?

Publisher donations carries the $8,639,602 occupation total. The 2008 election cycle hub places Publisher beside other occupation strings that year. All occupations and All FEC ties list sibling joins. Original filings remain at FEC.gov. This tie page is the Publisher × 2008 intersection only.